Application: Assessment of patients with renal failure, metabolic bone disease, hyper- and hypo-parathyroidism.
Explanation: A measure of the inorganic phosphate in the serum, which is only a small fraction of the total phosphate in the body. Most of the body’s inorganic phosphate is combined with calcium in the skeleton; only about 15% of the body’s inorganic phosphorus exists in the blood as a phosphate salt. Increased phosphate levels are found in response to low parathyroid hormone levels, hypercalcemia due to malignancy and other non-parathyroid causes, and in renal failure.
Decreased levels of phosphate are usually found in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, in some cases of hypercalcemia associated with malignancy, in renal tubular disorders and in patients using magnesium and aluminum containing antacids. Levels may be decreased during prolonged intravenous therapy, if phosphate supplementation is inadequate. Phosphate levels may also be decreased following a carbohydrate-rich meal, due to cellular uptake of phosphate. Numerous other conditions can affect serum phosphate levels.
Specimen: 5 ml blood in red-top tube.
Reference Interval:
3-4.5 mg/dL (Adult)
4.5-6.5 mg/dL (Child)
4.3-9.3 mg/dL (Neonate)
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